National security police said late on Thursday that they had arrested two women in separate cases.
In a statement, the force said it arrested a 65-year-old woman on Hong Kong Island on Thursday on suspicion of collusion with a foreign country or with external elements to endanger national security, contravening Article 29 of the National Security Law.
Separately, a 23-year-old woman was arrested in Sau Mau Ping on Wednesday on suspicion of inciting secession, contravening Article 20 and 21 of the National Security Law. The force said she was suspected of publishing online posts that incited Hong Kong independence.
The pair were detained for enquiries.