The Correctional Services Department (CSD) said a man in custody died in the early hours of Saturday, after being found unconscious in the Siu Lam Psychiatric Centre.
The 56-year-old man required continuous medical care at hospitals, as he suffered from hypertension, neurosyphilis and meningitis.
The CSD said at about 1:30 am, the man was found unconscious in his bed in the institution hospital of the centre.
He was sent to a public hospital and was certified dead later at about 3 am.
The department said the case had been reported to the police and that a death inquest would be held by the Coroner's Court.
It said the man was sentenced to prison in 2018.