Thailand's Anutin Charnvirakul was elected prime minister on Friday after breezing through a parliamentary vote, beating the candidate of the Shinawatra family's once-dominant ruling party to end a week of chaos and political deadlock.

With the decisive backing of the opposition, Anutin easily passed the threshold of more than half of the lower house votes required to become premier, capping off days of drama and a scramble for power during which he outmanoeuvred the most successful political party in Thailand's history.

Anutin has been a mainstay in Thai politics throughout years of turmoil, positioning his Bhumjaithai party strategically between warring elites embroiled in an intractable power struggle and guaranteeing its place in a succession of coalition governments.

Anutin did not speak to the house before the vote, during which he passed the threshold to become premier with a huge lead.

Asked as he arrived at parliament if he had sought divine intervention, he said: "I prayed to my parents."

His defeat of rival contender Chaikasem Nitisiri was a humiliation for the ruling Pheu Thai party, the once unstoppable populist juggernaut of billionaire Thaksin Shinawatra, who left Thailand late on Thursday for Dubai, where he spent the bulk of his 15 years in self-imposed exile.

Pheu Thai's crisis was triggered back in June by Anutin's withdrawal from its alliance, which left the coalition government clinging to power with a razor-thin majority amid protests and plummeting popularity.

The hammer blow was last week's dismissal by the Constitutional Court of Thaksin's daughter and protege Paetongtarn Shinawatra, the sixth prime minister from or backed by the Shinawatra family to be removed by the military or judiciary.

Anutin's win in Friday's house vote came as a result of a pact with the progressive opposition People's Party, the largest force in parliament, which he seduced with a promise to hold a referendum on amending the constitution and calling an election within four months. (Reuters)