Israel's military conducted a strike targeting senior Hamas leaders on Tuesday, as Qatar condemned an attack on buildings housing members of the Palestinian militant movement in the capital.

Qatar said Israeli strikes targeted the homes of several members of Hamas's political bureau residing in the Gulf country, where the militant group's senior leadership is based.

A Hamas official in Gaza told AFP the group's negotiators had been "targeted" in Doha.

"For years, these members of the Hamas leadership have led the terrorist organisation's operations, are directly responsible for the brutal October 7 (2023) massacre, and have been orchestrating and managing the war against the State of Israel," the Israeli military said in a statement.

Qatar condemned the attack, saying it had targeted residential buildings housing Hamas political bureau members.

"The State of Qatar strongly condemns the cowardly Israeli attack that targeted residential buildings housing several members of the political bureau of Hamas in the Qatari capital, Doha," foreign ministry spokesman Majed al-Ansari said in a post on X.

Tuesday's strikes come less than two weeks after Israel's armed forces chief vowed to target the group's leaders based abroad.

"Most of Hamas's leadership is abroad, and we will reach them as well," Lieutenant General Eyal Zamir said on August 31.

Iran, a key backer of Hamas, condemned the attack as a "gross violation of all international rules and regulations, a violation of Qatar's national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and an attack on Palestinian negotiators".

The attack came as Israel stepped up a deadly assault on Gaza City, the Palestinian territory's largest urban centre. (AFP)